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Aprašymas

The urine is studied extensively by physiologist, bio-chemists, and bio-medical engineers, but it has not drawn much attention of physicists. The application of concepts, principles and techniques of physics for the solution of problems in biology at different levels of complexity to get internal picture is drawing the attention of many researchers. The aim of the work is to develop these ideas at molecular level by studying the Dielectric and biophysical properties of human urine at different physiological conditions. In the present work Dielectric and physical properties of urine such as specific gravity, refractive index, viscosity, surface tension, electrical conductivity and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy has been studied for both normal subjects and physiological disorders.