Remote Sensing of the Atmosphere for Environmental Security (el. knyga) (skaityta knyga) | knygos.lt

Aprašymas

Recent ecological disasters make human beings aware ofchanges in the Earth's climate. At the present time anthropogenic activities lead to the emission of greenhouse gases, pollutanis, aerosols and ozone depleting substances and the scientific community in general feels responsible for understanding how changes in atmospheric chemistry can affect the Earth's climate. A NATO Advanced Research Workshop (ARW) was organized at Rabat (Morocco) on the 1719th ofNovember 2005 on the "Remote sensing ofthe Atmosphere for Environmental Security>>. The first part ofthe corresponding proceedings describes the current capabilities ofvarious satellite experiments which are performing measurements of the Earth's atmosphere, as for example some ofthe results obtained recently by three experiments onboard the ENVISAT Environment Satellite (ENVISAT), namely, the Global Ozone Monitoring Experiment (GOME), the SCanning Imaging Absorption for Atmospheric CHartographY (SCIAMACHY) and the Michelson Interferometer for Passive Atmospheric Sounding (MIPAS). For the analysis of spectra recorded by these instruments it is necessary to make good use of efficient radiative transfer codes. These computer codes need as input, a dataset ofhigh quality spectroscopic parameters which can be generated only through a careful analysis ofhigh quality laboratory measurements. In addition some ofthe future satellite missions which are under preparation at the European Space Agency (ESA) are briefly described. The characterisation of pollution in urban areas and the growing lack of water in many countries of the Mediterranean area are of universal concern. The extreme variability of properties of the aerosols in arid and semi arid areas is presented in the context of an experiment performed at Cairo (in Egypt). Finally, the understanding of climate chemistry couplings requires that ground based and satellite information to be confronted with the results of chemical transport and atmospheric models collected and discussed in the frame of international agencies. TOC:Preface. 1. Spectroscopic measurements of tropospheric composition from satellite measurements in the ultraviolet and visible: Steps toward continuous pollution monitoring from space.- 2. ESA spectroscopy studies in support of spaceborne atmospheric composition sounding.- 3. The MIPAS experiment aboard ENVISAT: remote sensing of atmospheric composition.- 4. Performance of the operational retrieval code for MIPAS on ENVISAT and possible improvements of retrieval techniques for environment and climate.- 5. New measurements of trace species in the upper troposphere from infra-red spectra of the atmosphere.- 6. Remote sensing of the Non-LTE atmosphere.- 7. Quantitative spectroscopy and atmospheric measurements.- 8. Quantitative laboratory spectroscopy of atmospheric trace gases.- 9. Global modeling of high-resolution spectra of linear molecules C02, N2O and C2H2.- 10. CDSD-296, the high-precision carbon dioxide spectroscopic databank: version for atmospheric applications.- 11.Theoretical quantitative spectroscopy: computer simulation of molecular spectra.- 12. Recent results on infrared molecular line broadening and shift parameters.- 13. Half-widths and line shifts of water vapor for atmospheric applications: measurement and theory.- 14. Quantitative rotational spectroscopy for atmospheric research.- 15. Pressure- broadening of the 22.2 GHz line of water: basic results for remote sensing of the atmosphere.- 16 Rotational spectroscopy at the Jet Propulsion Laboratory.- 17. Correlation between precipitable water and rainfall using Global Positioning System (GPS) technique.- 18. Extreme variability of aerosol optical properties: the Cairo aerosol characterization experiment case study.- 19. Urban air pollution and its photochemistry studied by laser spectroscopic methods.- 20. The atmospheric chemistry Ether group: expertise and database.- 21. An integrated approach to study the chemistry-climate interactions in the atmosphere.- List of contributors.- Index of subjects.